Policies that distort prices

540 billion dollars are spent annually on producer support, two-thirds of which distort prices and damage the environment (FAO, UNDP and UNEP, 2021).

FAO, UNDP and UNEP; 2021

FAO, UNDP and UNEP. 2021. A multi-billion-dollar opportunity – Repurposing agricultural support to transform food systems. Rome, FAO.

CO₂e reduction.

50,857.5 Kton CO₂e El Salvador seeks to reduce in its AFOLU sector between 2035 and 2040, conditional on financing (Government of El Salvador, 2021).

Gobierno de El Salvador. (2021). Contribuciones determinadas a nivel nacional de El Salvador.

Gobierno de El Salvador. (2021). Contribuciones determinadas a nivel nacional de El Salvador.

Agroecology & Food Security - Peru

In the Mariño basin, agroecological practices enhance food self-sufficiency, family income, and create synergies between productivity, climate adaptation, and mitigation (Quispe et al., 2021).

Yésica Quispe Conde; Bruno Locatelli; Améline Vallet; Raúl Blas Sevillano

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (Perú) CIRAD–University of Montpellier (Francia) Center for International Forestry Research - CIFOR (Perú)

Carbon Capture by Forests

2.6 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide are absorbed by forests every year, making them critical for climate change mitigation (Larrea et al., 2021).

2.6 mil millones de toneladas de dióxido de carbono absorben los bosques cada año, haciéndolos críticos para la mitigación del cambio climático (Larrea et al., 2021).

Permanent coverage

200,000 hectares will be forested in Chile by 2030, with at least 100,000 hectares of permanent cover and 70,000 hectares of native species (Government of Chile, 2021).

Gobierno de Chile (2021). Estrategia climática de largo plazo de Chile. Camino a la carbono neutralidad y resiliencia a más tardar al 2050. 21 de Octubre del 2021

Total emissions reduction

5,647 KtCO2e is the total emissions reduction Belize expects to achieve across all sectors between 2021 and 2030, according to its updated NDC in 2021 (Belize, 2021).

Belize (2021). Updated nationally determined contribution

Estimaciones basadas en calculos realizados por IRENA, FAO, UNFCCC, Vivid Economics, Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU) roundtable y CfRN

Investment in the recovery of sugarcane

PRONAF credit increases the commercialization of family farms and is reinforced with technical assistance, while seed delivery shows no significant impact (Wesz Junior et al., 2024).

Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável de la Universidad de Brasília (UnB)

Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Mudanças Climáticas

Net emissions from Costa Rica

9.11 MtCO₂e will be Costa Rica's absolute net emissions limit in 2030, covering all sectors (Government of Costa Rica, 2020).

Gobierno de Costa Rica (2020). Contribución Nacionalmente Determinada de Costa Rica 2020.

Gobierno de Costa Rica (2020). Contribución Nacionalmente Determinada de Costa Rica 2020.

Net emissions from Costa Rica

106.53 MtCO₂e will be Costa Rica's maximum net emissions budget between 2021 and 2030 (Government of Costa Rica, 2020).

Gobierno de Costa Rica (2020). Contribución Nacionalmente Determinada de Costa Rica 2020.

Gobierno de Costa Rica (2020). Contribución Nacionalmente Determinada de Costa Rica 2020.

Agroecological practices in tropical livestock far

The article reviews successful agroecological experiences in tropical livestock systems in Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting cases in Colombia, Cuba, Haiti, Mexico, and Guadeloupe. It analyzes how integrated practices—such as adapted genetic management, nutrition with local resources, hormone-free reproductive management, and natural parasite control—improve sustainability, resilience, and animal productivity. It includes emblematic studies such as Finca Tosoly (Colombia) and the “Lèt Agogo” program (Haiti), which combine food production, energy, and ecosystem services. The research proposes a framework for transitioning to resilient, multifunctional, low-emission livestock systems based on biodiversity and the circular economy.

INRAE Guadeloupe, en colaboración con la Universidad Federal Rural de Pernambuco (Brasil), el Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra (Portugal) y el Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE, Costa Rica).

Alexandre, G., Rodriguez, L., Arece, J., Delgadillo, J., Garcia, G. W., Habermeier, K., ... & Archimède, H. (2021). Agroecological practices to support tropical livestock farming systems: a Caribbean and Latin American perspective. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 53(1), 111.