Blog IICA

Evidences

194 results

Change of land use

02/03/2026 Go to Evidence

6% of global land use change is attributed individually to countries such as Russia, India, China, and the United States (Kan et al., 2026).

Kan, S., Levy, S. A., Mazur, E., Samberg, L., Persson, U. M., Sloat, L., Segovia, A. L. R., Parente, L., & Kastner, T. (2026). Overlooked and overexploited: Extensive conversion of grasslands and wetlands driven by global food, feed, and bioenergy demand. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 123(9), e2521183123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2521183123

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

Global terrestrial carbon

01/03/2026 Go to Evidence

Between 20% and 35% of the world's terrestrial carbon is stored in grasslands, ecosystems currently under increasing agricultural pressure (Kan et al., 2026).

Kan, S., Levy, S. A., Mazur, E., Samberg, L., Persson, U. M., Sloat, L., Segovia, A. L. R., Parente, L., & Kastner, T. (2026). Overlooked and overexploited: Extensive conversion of grasslands and wetlands driven by global food, feed, and bioenergy demand. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 123(9), e2521183123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2521183123

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

Heat stress

01/03/2026 Go to Evidence

Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Ethiopia and Indonesia face an average of 144 days a year with heat that is harmful to coffee, almost four months under heat stress (El País, 2026).

El País. (2026, febrero 18). El cambio climático también va por el café: Los días de calor que afectan sus cultivos se disparan en Brasil, Colombia y otros países productores. https://elpais.com/america-futura/2026-02-18/el-cambio-climatico-tambien-va-por-el-cafe-los-dias-de-calor-que-afectan-sus-cultivos-se-disparan-en-brasil-colombia-y-otros-paises-productores.html

El País. https://elpais.com/

Conversion of grasslands and wetlands

The conversion of grasslands and wetlands to agriculture is progressing almost 4 times faster than deforestation worldwide (Kan et al., 2026).

Kan, S., Levy, S. A., Mazur, E., Samberg, L., Persson, U. M., Sloat, L., Segovia, A. L. R., Parente, L., & Kastner, T. (2026). Overlooked and overexploited: Extensive conversion of grasslands and wetlands driven by global food, feed, and bioenergy demand. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 123(9), e2521183123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2521183123

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

Ecosystem conversion

01/03/2026 Go to Evidence

13% of the global conversion of natural ecosystems is concentrated in Brazil, the country with the highest recorded proportion (Kan et al., 2026).

Kan, S., Levy, S. A., Mazur, E., Samberg, L., Persson, U. M., Sloat, L., Segovia, A. L. R., Parente, L., & Kastner, T. (2026). Overlooked and overexploited: Extensive conversion of grasslands and wetlands driven by global food, feed, and bioenergy demand. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 123(9), e2521183123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2521183123

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

Global biodiversity hotspots

01/03/2026 Go to Evidence

33% of global biodiversity hotspots are located in grassland regions threatened by agricultural expansion (Kan et al., 2026).

Kan, S., Levy, S. A., Mazur, E., Samberg, L., Persson, U. M., Sloat, L., Segovia, A. L. R., Parente, L., & Kastner, T. (2026). Overlooked and overexploited: Extensive conversion of grasslands and wetlands driven by global food, feed, and bioenergy demand. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 123(9), e2521183123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2521183123

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

Temperature increase

02/12/2025 Go to Evidence

1.5°C was the temperature increase limit reaffirmed at COP27 (CAF, 2023).

CAF, 2023

Pupo Roncallo, O. R., & González Quiroga, A. (2023). Transición energética y descarbonización en América Latina y el Caribe en industrias de alto consumo energético (Policy Paper N.º 27). CAF – Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina. https://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/2268/Policy%20Paper%20N%C2%B027_Transici%C3%B3n%20energ%C3%A9tica%20y%20descarbonizaci%C3%B3n%20en%20ALC%20en%20industrias%20de%20dificil%20descarbonizacion.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y

Peru: Management in Amazonian Ecosystems

30/11/2025 Go to Evidence

1,250 hectares are under management or recovery processes in Amazonian ecosystems of Peru, integrating ecological restoration actions and sustainable forest management practices documented across various experiences in the country (SERFOR, 2018).

SERFOR, 2018

Restored Hectares in Perú's Andes

30/11/2025 Go to Evidence

500 hectares were restored in andean areas of Peru, reflecting the progress made in the recovery of high-Andean ecosystems and the implementation of sustainable management practices documented across multiple restoration experiences (SERFOR, 2018).

SERFOR, 2018

Peru: Expanding Agroforestry Systems

30/11/2025 Go to Evidence

3,000 hectares were rehabilitated through agroforestry systems in various regions of Peru, combining forest species and crops to restore degraded soils and strengthen the livelihoods of local communities, according to documented experiences (SERFOR, 2018).

SERFOR, 2018