Blog IICA

Evidences

674 results

Agricultural land

01/05/2013 Go to Evidence

70-80% of the world's agricultural land suffers moderate to severe erosion (Jara-Rojas et al., 2013).

Roberto Jara-Rojas, Boris E. Bravo-Ureta, Alejandra Engler, José Díaz (2013). An analysis of the joint adoption of water conservation and soil conservation in Central Chile. Land Use Policy. Volumen 32, 2013, páginas 292-301. ISSN 0264-8377.

Blaike, P., Brookfield, H. (1987). Land Degradation and Society. Methuen & Co. Ltd., London.

Malnutrition

01/01/2013 Go to Evidence

More than 2 billion people are deficient in key vitamins and minerals necessary for growth, development, and disease prevention (FAO, 2013).

Más de 2 mil millones de personas tienen una deficiencia de vitaminas y minerales clave necesarios para el crecimiento, el desarrollo y la prevención de enfermedades. (FAO, 2013)

FAO-2013. The State of Food and Agriculture 2013: Food Systems for Better Nutrition

Sector: Food

Productive equity

31/12/2011 Go to Evidence

20-30% could increase yields if women had the same access to productive assets as men, reducing global hunger by more than 12%.

FAO (2011).

FAO. 2011. El estado mundial de la agricultura y la alimentación: las mujeres en la agricultura cerrar la brecha de género en aras del desarrollo.

Economic losses due to zoonoses

31/12/2010 Go to Evidence

$20 billion is the direct economic loss due to zoonoses over a decade, and it is much more than $200 billion in indirect losses (World Bank, 2010).

Banco Mundial (2010)

https://opsaa.iica.int/resource-1266-personas,-patogenos-y-nuestro-planeta-volumen-1:-hacia-un-enfoque-de-%22one-health%22-para-el-control-de-enfermedades-zoonoticas.-volumen-1:-hacia-un-enfoque-de-%22one-health%22-para-el-control-de-enfermeda

Water use

31/12/2010 Go to Evidence

One third of the water required for animal production in the world is allocated to the cattle sector (Mekonnen. et al. 2010).

Un tercio del agua requerida para la producción animal en el mundo se destina al sector ganadero vacuno, (Mekonnen. et al. 2010)

Mekonnen. et al. 2010. The green, blue and grey water footprint of farm animals and animal products, Value of Water Research Report Series

Economic gains from international trade

19/12/2008 Go to Evidence

3 main mechanisms explain the gains from trade: specialization according to comparative advantages, exploitation of economies of scale, and increased productivity through the selection of efficient companies (Umaña, 2009).

3 mecanismos principales explican las ganancias del comercio: especialización según ventajas comparativas, aprovechamiento de economías de escala, y aumento de productividad mediante la selección de empresas eficientes (Umaña, 2009).

Umaña, V. (2009). Comercio e Innovación: Revisión de la Literatura y Políticas Indicativas. Revista Judicial, Costa Rica, Nº 94, 103-114.

Comparative advantage: Concept of trade

19/12/2008 Go to Evidence

200 years after its formulation, the postulates of the classical trade theory by Smith and Ricardo remain valid as a theoretical basis for understanding the gains from international trade (Umaña, 2009).

200 años después de su formulación, los postulados de la teoría clásica del comercio de Smith y Ricardo siguen vigentes como base teórica para entender las ganancias del comercio internacional (Umaña, 2009).

Umaña, V. (2009). Comercio e Innovación: Revisión de la Literatura y Políticas Indicativas. Revista Judicial, Costa Rica, Nº 94, 103-114.

Coffee producers

04/06/2008 Go to Evidence

10 million smallholder farmers depend on coffee as their main source of income, with coffee being produced by more than 25 million farmers in 80 countries (Bosselmann, 2008).

10 millones de pequeños agricultores dependen del café como su fuente principal de ingresos, siendo el café producido por más de 25 millones de agricultores en 80 países (Bosselmann, 2008).

Bosselmann, A. (2008). Using payments for environmental services to secure environmental services and livelihoods in coffee agroforests – A project portrayal. Scandinavian Forest Economics, 42, 421-440.