Blog IICA

Evidences

46 results

Agricultural aid

03/01/2015 Go to Evidence

4% maintained Mexico in distorting aid between 2001 and 2007, below Canada (6.1%), but higher than United States (3.1%), European Union (2.9%) and Brazil (1.8%) (CEDRSSA, 2015, p. 17).

4% mantuvo México en ayudas distorsionantes entre 2001 y 2007, por debajo de Canadá (6.1%), pero superior a Estados Unidos (3.1%), la Unión Europea (2.9%) y Brasil (1.8%) (CEDRSSA, 2015, p. 17).

Macías Uribe, C. (2019). World Agricultural Trade Reform, Insertion of Mexico´s agricultural sector under NAFTA and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture, 1994-2012. Textual, 74, 13-49.

Increase corn imports

15/01/2009 Go to Evidence

250% increased corn imports in Mexico between 1994 and 2006 under NAFTA framework, showing a significant increase in external dependency (Arroyo, 2009).

250% aumentaron las importaciones de maíz en México entre 1994 y 2006 bajo el marco del TLCAN, evidenciando un incremento significativo en la dependencia externa (Arroyo, 2009).

Macías Uribe, C. (2019). World Agricultural Trade Reform, Insertion of Mexico´s agricultural sector under NAFTA and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture, 1994-2012. Textual, 74, 13-49.

Coffee price variability

04/06/2008 Go to Evidence

38% represents the coefficient of variation around the trend of Costa Rica's export price between 1961 and 1997 (Bosselmann, 2008).

El 38% representa el coeficiente de variación alrededor de la tendencia del precio de exportación de Costa Rica entre 1961 y 1997.

Bosselmann, A. (2008). Using payments for environmental services to secure environmental services and livelihoods in coffee agroforests – A project portrayal. Scandinavian Forest Economics, 42, 421-440.

Value of coffee

04/06/2008 Go to Evidence

100% of coffee is the second most valuable product in the international market after oil (Bosselmann, 2008).

El 100% del café es el segundo producto más valioso en el mercado internacional después del petróleo (Bosselmann, 2008).

Bosselmann, A. (2008). Using payments for environmental services to secure environmental services and livelihoods in coffee agroforests – A project portrayal. Scandinavian Forest Economics, 42, 421-440.

European subsidies

03/01/2002 Go to Evidence

14.8 billion dollars was the base amount of export subsidies from the European Union, reducing to 9.4 billion dollars in 2000, making it the world's largest provider of such support (de Gorter, Ingco, & Ruiz, 2002, p. 4).

14,800 millones de dólares fue el monto base de subsidios a la exportación de la Unión Europea, que se reduciría a 9,400 millones en el año 2000, siendo el mayor otorgante mundial de estos apoyos (de Gorter, Ingco, & Ruiz, 2002, p. 4).

Macías Uribe, C. (2019). World Agricultural Trade Reform, Insertion of Mexico´s agricultural sector under NAFTA and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture, 1994-2012. Textual, 74, 13-49.

Agricultural subsidies

17/06/1999 Go to Evidence

In 1999, the United States granted US$132 per hectare as a corn subsidy, three times more than the US$42 per hectare granted by Mexico (Arroyo, 2009).

132 dólares por hectárea otorgaba Estados Unidos como subsidio al maíz en 1999, siendo tres veces mayor que los 42 dólares por hectárea que otorgaba México (Arroyo, 2009).

Macías Uribe, C. (2019). World Agricultural Trade Reform, Insertion of Mexico´s agricultural sector under NAFTA and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture, 1994-2012. Textual, 74, 13-49.