PAI focused on investment attraction

1.2% of the 497 productive articulation initiatives (PAI) (same 20 countries; 2023–2025) report investment attraction as a strategic focus (ECLAC, 2025).

IAP: market access/internationalization

According to the report (ECLAC, 2025), 26.6% of the 497 Productive Articulation Initiatives (IAP) (20 countries, 2023–2025) have as their strategic focus access to new markets or internationalization.

26,6% de las 497 Iniciativas de Articulación Productiva (IAP) (20 países, 2023–2025) tiene como foco estratégico el acceso a nuevos mercados o la internacionalización, según el informe (CEPAL, 2025).

NGO: financing source for PAI

21 initiatives report financing from non-governmental organizations in the dataset of 687 IAPs across 18 countries (2023–2025) (ECLAC, 2025).

21 iniciativas reportan financiamiento de organizaciones no gubernamentales en la base de 687 IAP de 18 países (2023–2025), según el informe (CEPAL, 2025).

Access to financing for agricultural technology

65% of small and medium Latin American farmers lack access to adequate financing to adopt technological changes, which is identified as a critical barrier to the materialization of innovations according to CAF diagnostics (Velásquez, A., 2025).

65% de los pequeños y medianos agricultores latinoamericanos carece de acceso a financiamiento adecuado para adoptar cambios tecnológicos, identificándose como una barrera crítica para la materialización de innovaciones según diagnósticos de CAF (Velásquez, A., 2025).

Velásquez, A. (2025). Estudios arqueológicos del aguacate en Mesoamérica. Editorial Académica.

Access to banks and markets

500 billion dollars could be added to the world economy in 5 years with access to banks and markets (World Bank, 2024).

Banco Mundial (23 de octubre de 2024). El sector alimentario como motor de crecimiento y empleo. Reuniones Anuales de 2024.

Agricultural digitization

90% can reduce the cost of financial services for farmers through digitization, which also improves productivity and access to credit (World Bank, 2024).

Banco Mundial (23 de octubre de 2024). El sector alimentario como motor de crecimiento y empleo. Reuniones Anuales de 2024.

Covid-19 and Innovation in Agrifood Systems of Lat

The agrifood supply chain of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) stands out for its resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic, and multiple studies have been conducted to analyze the differential impacts of the pandemic across firms and sectors. Less is known regarding the strategies implemented for business continuity during this catastrophic shock. The purpose of this study was to analyze the responses toward innovations of the LAC agrifood supply chain to the COVID-19 health emergency using data gathered from agribusinesses from 22 LAC countries. The study contributes to the literature by taking a comprehensive look at the responses of businesses along the LAC agrifood chains, and it is also one of the first longer-term quantitative assessments as it considers responses from the first and second years of the pandemic. The results from our two surveys show that over 70% of agribusinesses implemented innovations, revealing firms’ positive and prompt reactions. Although most innovations were longer-term, in many cases, innovations were only temporary. Statistical analyses suggest that the likelihood of implementing longer-term innovations is associated with the agrifood segment, the agrifood chain stage, receiving long-term public or private support, having access to credit, and positive future perspectives about business conditions.

Access to PRODAF credit

47% is the increase in the probability of credit access for beneficiaries versus controls, estimated via IPW.

El 47 % representa el incremento en la probabilidad de acceso al crédito para beneficiarios respecto a controles, estimado con IPW.

Agricultural sector credit

11.9% in 1991 to 4.2% in 2012 was the drop in the share of credit to the agricultural sector within the total portfolio in LAC (de Olloqui & Fernández Díez, 2017).

11,9% en 1991 a 4,2% en 2012 fue la caída en la participación del crédito al sector agropecuario dentro de la cartera total en ALC (de Olloqui & Fernández Díez, 2017).

de Olloqui, F., & Fernández Díez, M. C. (2017). Financiamiento del sector agroalimentario y desarrollo rural. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.

Source of financing

70% of MSMEs in the agri-food sector in Mexico used internal resources to finance investments (de Olloqui & Fernández Díez, 2017).

70% de las MiPyME del sector agroalimentario en México utilizaba recursos internos para financiar inversiones (de Olloqui & Fernández Díez, 2017).

e Olloqui, F., & Fernández Díez, M. C. (2017). Financiamiento del sector agroalimentario y desarrollo rural. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.