Gulf urea dependency

36% of Brazil's urea imports came from Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Oman and the United Arab Emirates in 2025, currently affected by the closure of the Strait of Hormuz (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Increase in the price of urea

Urea prices in Brazil increased by 35% during the first weeks of March due to the conflict (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Brazilian Corn Exhibition

25% of Brazil's corn exports are destined for the Middle East, increasing sectoral vulnerability (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Imports from the region

Brazilian imports from the Middle East represent 0.3% of GDP (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Dependence on imported phosphates

78% of phosphate consumption in Brazil depends on imports, which exposes the country to external restrictions (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Potential phosphate deficiency

Brazil could face a phosphate deficit of between 1 and 3 million tons if supply restrictions persist (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Impact on national demand

20% of the total demand for phosphates in Brazil could be affected by the projected deficit (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Trade dependence of the Middle East

15% of Brazil's fertilizer imports come from the war-affected region (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Exports to the Middle East

0.6% of Brazil's GDP corresponds to exports to Middle Eastern countries impacted by the conflict (Canuto, 2026).

Canuto, O. (2026). Transmission channels of the war on Iran to the Brazilian economy. Policy Center for the New South. https://www.policycenter.ma/publications/transmission-channels-war-iran-brazilian-economy

Policy Center for the New South

Evidence detail

Bolsa Mercantil de Colombia. (2026). Índice de Precios Agropecuarios BMC - Marzo de 2026

Bolsa Mercantil de Colombia